1 files changed, 69 insertions, 64 deletions

diff --git a/docs/CHARGING_ALGORITHM b/docs/CHARGING_ALGORITHM
index 81c4fc3b5c..a1a6e2b56e 100755
--- a/docs/CHARGING_ALGORITHM
+++ b/docs/CHARGING_ALGORITHM
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 CHARGING ALGORITHM
 
-This doc and a part of the charger implementation (especially voltage courves, 
-remaining time estimation, trickle charge) is written by Uwe Freese. If you miss 
-some information here, write to mail@uwe-freese.de.
+This doc and a part of the charger implementation (especially voltage curves, 
+remaining time estimation, trickle charge) is written by Uwe Freese. If you
+miss some information here, write to mail@uwe-freese.de.
 
 
 
 [INTRODUCTION]
 
-This doc describes how the charging works for the recorder. The algorithm can be 
-found in firmware/powermgmt.[c|h]. Debug output is done in apps/debug_menu.c. 
-Charging for the player and the FM recorder is done by the hardware and 
+This doc describes how the charging works for the recorder. The algorithm can
+be found in firmware/powermgmt.[c|h]. Debug output is done in
+ apps/debug_menu.c. 
+Charging for the player and the FM/V2 recorder is done by the hardware and 
 therefore isn't implemented in rockbox. Only the functions that calculate the 
 battery level are also used for these models.
 
@@ -24,14 +25,14 @@ All following information is related to the recorder.
 - We can switch the charging current (about 350mA, constant) on and off.
 
 
-[VOLTAGE COURVES]
+[VOLTAGE CURVES]
 
-See http://www.uwe-freese.de/rockbox for some voltage courves taken while
-charging and decharging an AJB.
+See http://www.uwe-freese.de/hardware-projekte/rockbox/ladeverfahren.html
+for some voltage curves taken while charging and decharging an AJB.
 
-These voltage courves are implemented as arrays in rockbox. We can then 
+These voltage curves are implemented as arrays in rockbox. We can then 
 calculate how full the batteries are (in percent) after taking the actual 
-voltage. Both voltage courves (charging and decharging) are used here.
+voltage. Both voltage curves (charging and decharging) are used here.
 
 
 [CHARGE OVERVIEW]
@@ -43,27 +44,29 @@ voltage. Both voltage courves (charging and decharging) are used here.
   regulation at a high value).
 - After that, do trickle charge (max. 12 hours with voltage regulation at a 
   lower value).
-- When trickle charge is done and you did not disconnect or shut off your AJB by 
-  now, the AJB decharges normally since it reaches a low voltage and everything 
-  starts from the beginning.
+- When trickle charge is done and you did not disconnect or shut off your AJB
+  by  now, the AJB decharges normally since it reaches a low voltage and
+  everything starts from the beginning.
 
 
 [NORMAL CHARGE]
 
 When charging is started, the charger is turned on. The batteries are charged
-with a constant current of about 350mA. The charging is stopped for three reasons:
+with a constant current of about 350mA. The charging is stopped for three
+reasons:
 
 - the voltage goes down in a 5 min interval (delta peak, see below)
-- the voltage goes up only a little bit in an 30 min interval (is mainly constant)
+- the voltage goes up only a little bit in an 30 min interval (is mainly
+  constant)
 - the charging duration exceeds a maximum duration
 
 
 [DYNAMIC MAX DURATION CALCULATION]
 
 The max duration is calculated dynamically. The time depends on how full the
-battery is when charging is started. For a nearly full battery, the max duration
-is low, for an empty one, it is a high value. The exact formula can be found in
-the source code. The battery capacity is also considered here.
+battery is when charging is started. For a nearly full battery, the max
+duration is low, for an empty one, it is a high value. The exact formula can
+be found in the source code. The battery capacity is also considered here.
 
 
 [LIION BATTERY IN FM RECORDER]
@@ -79,13 +82,14 @@ batteries are full.
 
 Two facts on batteries are the reason why this works:
 
-- If the batteries are full, the charging current cannot charge the battery anymore.
+- If the batteries are full, the charging current cannot charge the battery
+  anymore.
   So the energy is absorbed by heating up the battery.
-- Each battery has a negative temperature coefficient, that means the voltage goes
-  down when the temperature goes up.
+- Each battery has a negative temperature coefficient, that means the voltage
+  goes down when the temperature goes up.
 
-NiMH batteries have a smaller delta peak than NiCd, but is is enough for Rockbox
-to detect that the batteries are full.
+NiMH batteries have a smaller delta peak than NiCd, but is is enough for
+Rockbox to detect that the batteries are full.
 
 Related documents on the web:
 
@@ -102,16 +106,16 @@ Related documents on the web:
 [TOP OFF CHARGE AND TRICKLE CHARGE]
 
 After a normal charge is completed, trickle charging is started. That means 
-charging to keep the batteries full. While trickle charge in other (stand alone) 
-chargers means charging the amount that the battery loses because of self 
-decharging, here it's charging the amount the AJB consumes when it's on. That's 
-because it is not possible to switch off the AJB when charging is done. It goes 
-on again and then the archos firmware charger code would charge again. So we 
-have trickle charge in rockbox.
+charging to keep the batteries full. While trickle charge in other (stand
+alone) chargers means charging the amount that the battery loses because of
+self decharging, here it's charging the amount the AJB consumes when it's on.
+That's because it is not possible to switch off the AJB when charging is done.
+It goes on again and then the archos firmware charger code would charge again.
+So we have trickle charge in rockbox.
 
-In simple words, rockbox charges about 15 seconds per minute in trickle mode. An 
-AJB consumes 100 mA when it's on and the charging current is about 300mA. So 
-charging 15 s and decharge 45 s will keep the batteries full.
+In simple words, rockbox charges about 15 seconds per minute in trickle mode.
+An AJB consumes 100 mA when it's on and the charging current is about 300mA.
+So charging 15 s and decharge 45 s will keep the batteries full.
 
 But the number of seconds the charger is on in trickle charge mode is also 
 adjusted dynamically (between 1 and 24 sec). Rockbox tries to hold the battery 
@@ -120,21 +124,22 @@ full") for 90 minutes, then a level of 5,45 V. If the voltage drops below the
 wanted value, rockbox will charge one second more the next minute. If is is 
 greater than this value, is will charge one second less.
 
-Trickle charging runs 12 hours after finishing the normal charging. That should 
-be enough for charging the AJB over night and then unplug the charger sometime 
-in this 12 hour trickle charge time. It is not recommended to trickle charge 
-over days, that's because it is stopped after 12 hours.
-
-Many chargers do top off and trickle charge by feeding a constant (low) current 
-to the batteries. Rockbox, as described, makes a voltage regulation. That's 
-because the power consumption of the AJB changes when backlight is on/disk is 
-spinning etc. and doing a voltage regulation is the simplest way to charge 
-exactly the needed amount.
-
-There are two charge ICs I want to mention here: The Philips TEA1102 and TEA1103 
-do voltage regulation for NiCd and NiMH at 1,325 V per cell. That would be 5,3 V 
-for four cells, but I think 5,45 V is best for Rockbox with the maximum time of 
-12 hours. Note that the voltage values are taken in the part of a minute where 
+Trickle charging runs 12 hours after finishing the normal charging. That
+should be enough for charging the AJB over night and then unplug the charger
+sometime in this 12 hour trickle charge time. It is not recommended to trickle
+charge over days, that's because it is stopped after 12 hours.
+
+Many chargers do top off and trickle charge by feeding a constant (low)
+current to the batteries. Rockbox, as described, makes a voltage regulation.
+That's because the power consumption of the AJB changes when backlight is
+on/disk is spinning etc. and doing a voltage regulation is the simplest way
+to charge exactly the needed amount.
+
+There are two charge ICs I want to mention here: The Philips TEA1102 and
+TEA1103 do voltage regulation for NiCd and NiMH at 1,325 V per cell. That
+would be 5,3 V for four cells, but I think 5,45 V is best for Rockbox with the
+maximum time of 12 hours.
+Note that the voltage values are taken in the part of a minute where 
 the charger is off, so the values are a little bit smaller than the actual 
 average of the whole 60 seconds.
 The Philips TEA1102 top-off charge time (with 0,15 C) is one hour.
@@ -155,11 +160,11 @@ In simple words, it is
 
 remaining time = remaining battery energy / power consumption of AJB
 
-With using the battery courves described above and the battery capacity you 
+With using the battery curves described above and the battery capacity you 
 selected in the settings menu, the remaining capacity is calculated. For the 
 power consumption, a usual constant value is used. If the LED backlight is set 
-to always on, it is also considered. Having a modified Jukebox with 8 MB of RAM 
-leads to about 22 percent longer estimated running time.
+to always on, it is also considered. Having a modified Jukebox with 8 MB of
+RAM leads to about 22 percent longer estimated running time.
 
 
 [BATTERY DISPLAY HOW THE USER EXPECTS IT]
@@ -168,15 +173,15 @@ To not confuse the user with the shown battery level, some tricks are used in
 the battery level calculation (this does not affect the charging algorithm, 
 because it uses the raw voltages):
 
-- if charging is completed, top-off charge or trickle charge is running, always 
-  set the battery level to 100%
-- the battery level is only allowed to change 1% per minute (exception: when usb 
-  is connected, is is allowed to go 3% down/min)
+- if charging is completed, top-off charge or trickle charge is running,
+  always set the battery level to 100%
+- the battery level is only allowed to change 1% per minute (exception: when
+  usb is connected, it is allowed to go 3% down/min)
 - if charging just started (or stopped), ignore the battery voltage for the 
   first 25 minutes
-- after turning on the device, add another 5% to the battery level, because the 
-  drive is used heavily when booting and the voltage usually gets a little higher 
-  after that
+- after turning on the device, add another 5% to the battery level, because
+  the drive is used heavily when booting and the voltage usually gets a
+  little higher after that
 
 
 [WHICH CHARGING MODE TO USE]
@@ -190,9 +195,9 @@ charge on" (that the batteries remain full).
 
 A special case: If you fill up the batteries that are still nearly full every 
 night, it is recommended that you make a complete charge cycle from time to 
-time. Select "deep discharge on" and "trickle charge on" and wait till the whole 
-cycle is over (you can speed up the discharging a little bit by turning on the 
-LED backlight). Even if the battery sellers say NiMH cells don't show a memory 
-effect, I recommend making this procedure from time to time (every 10th charging 
-cycle). BUT: Don't recharge the batteries completely every time if you don't 
-have to.
+time. Select "deep discharge on" and "trickle charge on" and wait till the
+whole cycle is over (you can speed up the discharging a little bit by turning
+on the LED backlight). Even if the battery sellers say NiMH cells don't show a
+memory effect, I recommend making this procedure from time to time (every 10th
+charging cycle). BUT: Don't recharge the batteries completely every time if
+you don't have to.